Help: Operators

Search terms are combined using boolean operators. Operators can be specified using either the full text name (e.g., AND) or the shorthand symbol (e.g., &). The following operators are allowed:

AND	&	Locate patents that contain both search terms. For example, the query paul weller and all mod cons will return all patents that contain both paul weller and all mod cons as exact phrases.
OR	|	Locate patents that contain either search term. For example, the query paul weller or all mod cons will return all patents that contain either paul weller or all mod cons as exact phrases.
ANDNOT	!	Locate patents that contain the left hand search term and do not contain the right hand search term. For example, the query paul weller andnot all mod cons will return all patents that contain the exact phrase paul weller but do not contain the exact phrase all mod cons.

Help: Field restrictions

Search terms can be restricted to a particular patent field by prefixing the search term with the patent field's key followed by /. For example, IN/paul weller will match patents in which the inventor field contains the exact phrase paul weller. The following keys are supported:

Abstract	ABST	Application Date	APD	Application Serial #	APN
Application Type	APT	Assignee City	AC	Assignee Country	ACN
Assignee Name	AN	Assignee State	AS	Assistant Examiner	EXA
Attorney or Agent	LREP	Foreign Priority	PRIR	Foreign References	FREF
Government Interest	GOVT	International Class	ICL	Inventor City	IC
Inventor Country	ICN	Inventor Name	IN	Inventor State	IS
Issue Date	ISD	Other References	OREF	PCT Information	PCT
Parent Case Info	PARN	Patent Claims	ACLM	Patent Class	CCL
Patent Description	SPEC	Primary Examiner	EXP	Reissue Data	REIS
Related US App. Data	RLAP	Title	TTL	US References	REF